ATIVIDADE DOCENTE NO PROCESSO FORMATIVO DE ACADÊMICOS PARA ATUAR COM A DIVERSIDADE HUMANA EM CONTEXTOS INCLUSIVOS

Abstract

This research analyzes the conceptions that support the teaching praxis of university professors in academic education process to work in inclusive settings. To this end, we assumed as central thesis the fact that, by providing an academic education focused on elements and categories that differentiate men, such as: deficient, efficient, capable, incapable, able, unable, normal, abnormal; the Academy has contributed to perpetuate exclusionary processes. We made the theoretical and practical analysis from the following arguments: 1) the legal documents that organize inclusive policies are guided by the inclusion of specific groups and not in human diversity; 2) linear assimilation of legal documents within the teaching praxis imposes, in the education process, the perpetration of exclusionary practices, as well as the denial of uno/diverse condition; and 3) if the society proclaimed in legal documents is an inclusive society, this idea can not be restricted in the initial education to the discussion of experts on specific groups. These arguments articulate with each other and promote reciprocal mediation between objective and subjective conditions in relation to working with human diversity, so we took as analysis-base the categories:work, totality and contradiction. With the dialectical methodological foundation, we presented to the subject professors of this research five (5) problem situations of the Basic Education school routine which did not report for students with disabilities, but they were read and interpreted under this condition. Sixty-four teachers working in five (5) degree courses offered in UNESPAR Campus Paranaguá were invited to participate in interviews, which were Pedagogy, Literature, Mathematics, Biological Sciences and History. From the invited professors, forty-four (44) decided to contribute. The research showed the following results; 1) the arguments that support the teaching praxis are articulated to the condition of disability and, by extension, to the clamor for a specialized professor, perpetuating a dual education system articulated to national documents; 2) the teaching praxis converge largely with the guidelines for the undergraduate courses in focus as well as the basis conceptions of Pedagogical Master Plan of the courses; 3) the concepts that support the teaching praxis are marked by speeches and welfare-based ideology, eugenicist, deterministic, biologicist, constructivist, neoconstrutivist, productivist and social adaptation, whose epistemological assumptions are guided in inatism, empirical and constructive fundamentals. Still, we obtained as a result the indication, from the teachers, of the need to demystify ideas that reinforce categorization and articulate the theoretical education to the practical experience in the reality of basic school -which cannot be ignored by the academy.