A UTILIZA??O DID?TICA DO CINEMA PARA A APRENDIZAGEM DA EDUCA??O AMBIENTAL

Abstract

This investigation had for object of study the Envinronmental Education instrumented by environmental impact movies. The reserach has as theory basis Jean Piaget's studies about knowledge construction. This study aims to answer the following questions: what is the contribution of the utilization of movies in the classroom for a critical envinronmental education? Is possible and feasible the didatic utilization of cinema aimed for the promotion of the critical environmental education? Is the classroom an exceptional space for the utilization of cinema? Is it possible to notice changes in atitudes, values and preocupations as points of departure of the didatic utilization of documentaries or movies of environmental education? The objectivs of the research are: create the possibility of atitudes of care and preocupation with the envinroment, watch and describe the triggering elements of atitudes of environmental care and preservation and to analyse changes of atitude and the appearance of concern departing the didactical utilization of movies of environmental impact. The research was developed in two state schools in the city. In one school were exibited four movies of environmental impact and in the other no movie was shown. The subjects of the research were the students of seven classes of the fundamental education, as five of these classes watched the movies. The research was realized from august of 2008 to june of 2009. It is an intervention reasearch, of quality by nature. For the gathering of information, the proceeding used was as follows: previous questionnaire before the exibition of the movies; presentation of the movies; questionnaire after the exibition; final questionnaire answered two months after the exibition; interviews in focal groups. For the two classes that did not saw the movies were proposed a questionnaire with the same questions as the ones presented to those that saw them. For the analysis of the answers, the following categories based in Piaget's theory were created: figurational and operational knowledges; reflexive abstraction and taking of conscience; and construction of values.Presented as results are the educacional potencial of movies in the classroom. Although the figurational and operational knowledges do not present great variation between the two groups of students, the happening of answers that demonstrated the taking of conscience and the construction of values is immensely superior in those that watched the movies. The movies led to the descentration and the cognitive unbalance of the students and the construction of new knowledges based in a critical environmental education. The movies did made the students to change their atitudes about the nature, aimed for the protection and the conservation of the environment.