Ideário Republicano nos Campos Gerais: a criação do Grupo Escolar Conselheiro Jesuíno Marcondes (1907)

Abstract

The present work refers to the master thesis, from the graduate program of the State University of Ponta Grossa – PR, about the school “Conselheiro Jesuíno Marcondes”, in the city of Palmeira in Campos Gerais – Parana. It is about a regional teaching institution from which the relation between the national context and the local one was sought to be established, once that it was in the republican project of introduction of School Groups in the country, whose objective was the expansion of schooling, aiming at reducing the high level of illiteracy, and in an ideological manner, doctrine and “civilize” the society. Because it is an institution created in a region with various immigrant colonies, it was also sought to verify the most general questions in the society's context, the State's, the classes organization and dominant social groups that influenced in the ratio adjustment of these immigrants in the country. To handle this problematic and understand it, the analysis categories were listed (State, Work, Education), with which it was sought to approach the object of study, in this case the school group opened in the city of Palmeira – PR (1907). The study was structured and organized from the theoretical and methodological assumptions of the historical and dialectical materialism, which proposes for the investigation of a determined object that it goes from the concrete conditions of existence, overcoming the idealistic and metaphysical conceptions of history. The adopted methodological procedure for the development of the research was, initially, the survey of documentary and iconographic sources, such as: laws, decrees, regulations, ordinances, meeting minutes, pictures, maps, drawing and newspapers of the period, found in the School Group in study, in the museum of the city of Palmeira, the House of Memory of Ponta Grossa, Parana's Public File – PR and in the Museum of Campos Gerais – PR, and, afterwards, the organization of this material properly copied and digitalized in a specific data bank that was stored in a CD-ROM. A copy of this material, delivered along with the final version of the research, is available in the “On-Line Documentation Center” in the page of the search group HISTEDBR – Campos Gerais <http://www.uepg.br/histed-br/>, in a way to collaborate in other researches in the History of Education. The survey was divided into three chapters: “The republican ideals in Brazil”; “The Campos Gerais and the formation of the city of Palmeira”, “ Jesuíno Marcondes School Group”. It was concluded that the present work allowed a better understanding of the republican project of introduction of the school groups in the country, whose goal was the expansion of schooling as a way of instructing the people that, differing from the speeches, was given in a slow manner and according to the political interests of each region, always connected with the classes' interests.