Avaliação da osseointegração em ratos submetidos a baixa dose de aspirina

Abstract

Dental care in patients who use chronic low-dose aspirin (LDA) for cardiovascular disease has increased significantly in recent years. This drug belongs to the class of NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), which in turn are described in the literature as agents that may negatively interfere with related biological processes, such as metabolism and bone repair. To evaluate the effect of chronic use of low-dose of aspirin on the osseointegration process of titanium implants using an animal model. For this, thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=8/group) according to oral gavage solution received prior (42 days) to the implant surgery on tibia (saline solution or LDA, 6.75mg/kg) and the post-operative period to the histomorphometric analysis (7 or 28 days) of bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area fraction occupancy (BABT) as following: CG-7 - saline solution / 7 days; CG-28 - saline solution / 28 days; AG-7 - LDA treatment / 7 days o and AG-28 - LDA treatment / 28 days. One-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc Tukey test was carried out to analyze the data with a significant level of 5%. BIC results indicate that the percentage of bone-to-implant on AG-7 group was significantly reduced compared to CG-7 and AG-28 groups. In addition, BABT analysis showed a significant difference on the bone area fraction occupancy between AG-7 and AG-28 groups. The findings of this study demonstrated that the chronic use of LDA can negatively interfere on the early stages of osseointegration biological process, reducing the bone-to-implant contact; but on late stages, this effect seems not to be more relevant, considering BIC and BABT parameters.