A politíca da saúde no município de Ponta Grossa a partir da constitucionalização do sistema único de saúde

Abstract

This work has as objective to analyze the process of constitutionalization of Unique System of Health (SUS) in the Municipality of Ponta Grossa, from the municipal government immediately previous to the constitutionalization of that policy and the governments that followed until the current one, corresponding to the period from 1985 to 2005. It’s about qualitative research, whose information of the empirical reality was collected through the semi-structured interview. To reach the objectives, we departed from the historical route of medical science development on the purport to understand the concepts and views of health/illness in the history, which determined or determine the elaboration and execution of the policy for the sector. We also search an approximation with health policy in Brazil in the different historical contexts, from the assistancial medical privatist model, passing by the Sanitary Reform Movement, reaching to the plural model instituted with SUS in 1988. As result, we perceive the difficulty of consolidation of SUS being a policy founded on values as the universality, the integrality, the decentralization, the equity and participation of society, in Brazil’s level. In the specific case of Municipality of Ponta Grossa, in relation to the Unique System of Health principles, in the governments here studied, it perceives moments of advance and moments of retrocession; sometimes searching new practices, at attempt to exceed the hegemonic assistancial-medical model, investing also in prevention and promotion of health; sometimes prevailing the view centered on the hospital resulted from the flexnerian model. In this purport, the view centered on the illness still persists strongly among managers, professionals, and population in general; what demands practices that seek to change, progressively, the form to conceive the process health/illness. There is also the necessity of strengthenment of the principal canals of participation and social control: the Health Councils, for the SUS principles being effective in a democratic form, in other words, in favor of society and not of the individualist interests. Keywords: Health Policy. Unique System of Health (SUS). Family’s Health Program.