MOBILIZAÇÃO DE SEDIMENTOS & AGRICULTURA HÍBRIDA EM PROPRIEDADE RURAL DE PRUDENTÓPOLIS-PR (2010-2011)

Abstract

This research has the overall goal of investigating the occurrence of erosion in fields where they employ different farming techniques, which are located on one farm in the middle course of the River Basin BarroBranco, city of Prudentópolis, Second Plateau, Paraná. For this purpose use was made of theoretical discussion dealing with issues such as erosion, agricultural system, agricultural landscape in central and southern Parana geosystem geomorphological research as a basis for the foundation work. The landscape study has characteristics of family agriculture of subsistence production with the traditional relationship with the landscape that currently falls within the framework of modernization of methods of production. It is part of morphostructural unit of the Paraná Sedimentary Basin and unity morfoescultural Second Paraná Plateau, lying in the town of Prudentópolis, with the southeast boundary with doing this and the town of Imbituva-PR. It is highlighted by the structural basis of the formation of rocks Rio do Rastro and training Teresina. The research methodology persists in conducting fieldwork with surveys divided into characterization of the area (pedology, geomorphology, geology), installation of equipment for monitoring the transport of sediments and the occurrence of rainfall events, interviews with farmers and office in which became the morphometry of the area, analysis and systematization of data and the interpretation of results. The landscape study is due to agricultural use of approximately 100 years. It has been present in the cultivation, the insertion of modern techniques in the traditional way, in some cases substitution. In terms of area is valid highlight the erosion of sediment transport, occurring in grooves and microravinas, and especially in water erosion. Another element is the physical aspect which influences the way we produce by restricting uses of crops and techniques. Ascertains itself of the existence of NitossolosBrunos, Cambisols, Ultisols and Entisols yellow Regolithic each located in a portion of the slope. The average annual rainfall is 2002 mm of rainfall (average 1988 to 2011), while the total rainfall for 2011 recorded in the field area corresponds to ± 1885.5 mm. Ascertains that the greatest number of the volume of rainfall is rainfall up to 20 mm corresponding to 48 events, the class of events up to 30 mm correspond to 13, above this volume focus only 24 events. Regarding the mobilization of sediments increased its metric corresponds to the material transported up the hill which is moved to lower areas, which are deposited both in cuttings and in riparian areas to drainage channels. The decrease includes a reduction of transport due to rainfall events and changes in agricultural route. In total rainfall above 40 mm metric there is an increase of material deposited and below 40 mm will be some increased stability in the deposition of material. It has to be smaller are the moments of rainfall below 30 mm corresponding to the low range mobilization, and above 30 mm rain quantities are greater and which have higher responses between event and transport, although it is when concentrated rainfall events that occurred the largest mobilization of these. The occurrence of the process is related in the form of share ownership and transformation of the medium, in this case, an ecosystem to an agricultural system, since this process as a result of historical use and occupation and also the action of mechanisms and processes geomorphological.