Os impasses para implementação do Sistema Único de Assistência Social no Município de Guarapuava-Pr

Abstract

The present dissertation work of master’s degree has as study object the Advances and the Limits for the implantation of Unique System of Social Assistance (“Sistema Único de Assistência Social – SUAS”) in the Municipality of Guarapuava-PR. This research has a qualitative and quantitative nature and its methodological procedures are: Bibliographical and Documentary Research, Semi-structured Interview, Participant Observation and Content Analysis. The empirical context of research was Municipal Council of Social Assistance (“Conselho Municipal de Assistência Social - CMAS”), in which we made a selection of participant subjects, of which three are non-governmental (Entities and Worker of the Sector) and two are governmental (Social Worker and Psychologist). Thereunto, we used some criteria, like: Parity among Civil Society, Government, Users and Workers of the Sector; Professionals with higher education, Managers and Presidents of “CMAS”. Besides, we seek to comply with multidisciplinarity using several levels of formation; legitimate representation (not under-representation); people who had more highlight in the meetings; people who still live in Guarapuava; people who still are involved directly or indirectly with the policy since 2004 to 2009. Thus, this dissertation has been organized in four chapters. In Chapter 1, we discuss The Dilemmas to the Construction of Democratic State of Rights in Brazil – the “Colonelism”, Clientelism, Assistencialism, Liberalism, Welfare State and Neoliberalism. In Chapter 2, we study the Configuration of Policy of Social Assistance in Brazil from Federal Constitution from 1988, of Organic Law of Social Assistance (“Lei Orgânica de Assistência Social - LOAS”) from 1993, of National Policy of Social Assistance (“Política Nacional de Assistência Social - PNAS”) from 2004. In Chapter 3, we seek the particularities of construction of Social Assistance Policy in State of Paraná (PR), and we characterize the historical context of the Social Assistance Policy in the Municipality of Guarapuava-PR in Chapter 4. We discover that, although the advance in the legislation about Social Assistance in that Municipality, it still contains some typical characteristics of “colonelism”, which is a govern system that advocates for private interest even managing the public space. Another characteristic is the clientelism, which uses the public services to arrest people who search them and this generates a dependence relation between Govern and citizens. In this relation, ties of interdependence are created, like if that person who has been answered passed to owe a favor to whom served him/her, marks of the assistencialism. And we also recognize that the configuration of the public policy has not escaped from disassemble of the State proposed by the neoliberal ideas, which creates barriers to its governability. These are contradictions inherent to the transition between remote past (marked by the logical of the favor) and the present (marked by the recognition of the social rights), permeated by private political interests, which constitute in impasses to the advances of the public policy of Social Assistance in Guarapuava-PR.